The EPOC project: Energy Proportional and Opportunistic Computing system

15397International audienceWith the emergence of the Future Internet and the dawning of new IT models such as cloud computing, the usage of data centers (DC), and consequently their power consumption, increase dramatically. Besides the ecological impact, the energy consumption is a predominant criteria for DC providers since it determines the daily cost of their infrastructure. As a consequence, power management becomes one of the main challenges for DC infrastructures and more generally for large-scale distributed systems. In this paper, we present the EPOC project which focuses on optimizing the energy consumption of mono-site DCs connected to the regular electrical grid and to renewable energy sources

Analyse electromagnetique des antennes imprimees en presence de leur element d'excitation

CNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Review: Disease risk analysis of importing animals and livestock products.

International audience20 Gbit/s time/polarisation multiplexed solitons have been transmitted over 10 Mm in a recirculating loop with a 63 km amplification span using the sliding-frequency guiding filter soliton control technique. The soliton energy, sliding rate, filter bandwidth and wavelength margins for a BER of 10-9 have been measured at 6 M

40 Gbit/s, 5×100 km span straight line soliton transmission experiment without in-line control

International audienceA straight line single wavelength 40 Gbit/s soliton transmission experiment was conducted over five spans of 100 km DS fibre without in-line control. The 10 ps pulse train generated at 20 GHz using an EA modulator was encoded at 70 Gbit/s and multiplexed at 40 Gbit/s in the polarisation and time domain. Demultiplexing from 40 to 10 Gbit/s was performed using a polariser and an EAM successively. A BER <10-10 was obtained over >4 dB inline power variations

Two-Stage Passive Optical Pod Interconnects for Small Energy-Aware Data Centers

International audienc

Dimensioning of 112G Optical-Packet-Switching-Based Interconnects for Energy-Efficient Data Centers

International audienceWe present the dimensioning of an optical packet switching network for energy-efficient intra-data-center connections. Our approach relies on one or two interconnection stages derived from the time-wavelength-interleaved network concept and relying on fast wavelength-tunable lasers. We compare several options by numerical simulation to increase the bit rate of the intra-data-center links up to 112 Gbit/s. The analysis focuses on pulse-amplitude modulation (4 and 8 PAM), where a pre-distortion mechanism is introduced and three types of optical receivers are taken into account. Possible dispersion of device characteristics is taken into account. The single-stage system should enable us to connect 48 servers using 8 PAM and semiconductor-optical amplifier (SOA)-PIN in conjunction with a 62.5 GHz grid. In the two-stage configuration, this number increases up to 1488

Pulse amplitude modulation applied to extended Passive Optical Pod Interconnect, for small energy-aware data centers

International audienceWe analyze the recently proposed Extended-Passive-Optical-Pod Interconnect (e-POPI), designed for small energy-aware data centers, including server-turn-on/off strategies. We investigate several options to increase up to 56 Gbit/s the bit rate of e-POPI's links by the use of Pulse Amplitude Modulation (4 or 8 PAM) considering three types of receivers (including SOA-PIN). The maximum number of connected entities (servers or racks), limited by the insertion losses and the technology of fast-tunable-POPI emitters, reaches 253/159, using 8 PAM and SOA-PIN in conjunction with a 25/37.5-GHz grid for 28/56-Gbit/s links

112-Gbit/s Passive Optical Pod Interconnect for Small Data Centers Using Pulse Amplitude Modulation

International audienceWe compare by numerical simulation several options to increase up to 112 Gbit/s the bit rate used for intra-data center interconnections relying on the recently proposed Passive Optical Pod Interconnect (POPI) architecture, itself derived from the TWIN (Time-Wavelength Interleaved Network) concept. The motivation for such bit rate is the need to migrate full server content in a small energy-source-aware data center. The analysis focuses on Pulse Amplitude Modulation (4 or 8 PAM), due to its performance/cost ratio. Three types of receivers are considered including a PIN photodiode with integrated semiconductor optical pre-amplifier (SOA-PIN), associated with pre-distortion mechanism. Depending on modulation format and receiver type, the maximum number of connected entities, N, (servers or racks) is limited either by the insertion losses or by the number of channels that can be packed into the band of the fast tunable POPI emitters. The highest N value, 48, is obtained using 8-PAM and SOA-PIN in conjunction with a 62.5 GHz grid

Single-wavelength 40 Gbit/s, 8×100 km-span soliton transmission without any in-line control.

International audienceA straight-line single-wavelength 40 Gbit/s soliton transmission experiment was conducted over eight spans of 100 km DS fibre without in-line control nor local dispersion management. Q2-factors of >17 dB were measured at 800 km for two extreme cases of dispersion map over each amplifier span. Power margins of 3 dB at Q2>16.2 dB (BER<10-10) were obtained over a 1 nm wavelength-range

Extended Passive Optical Pod Interconnect for Small Mono-site Data Centers

International audienc